Too Long; Didn't Read
Organization is a human way of dealing with the complexity of the world. It’s how we make our existence more bearable in a universe that otherwise craves disorder. Organizations operate within and around certain constraints, such as purpose, value system, field of focus, market, technology, legislation, etc. which together with processes and standardized communication should result in linear causality. Apple, Google, Toyota or many other organizations, consist of a large number of elements that in themselves can be simple. They exchange energy and information with their environment in order to survive, which implies that they operate at a far from equilibrium state.